Excalibur
B.1
ser.
XZ19823 ‘Red 23-Desert Bandit'
No.582
squadron,
RAF
Diego Garcia
January
1991
After the '83 Farnborough airshow inspection, and remembering the lessons from
the Falklands, Rockwell and BAe teamed up to offer a version of the B-1A to the
RAF as a replacement for the Churchill B.1 (B-52H's), Harris B.2/3 (*Bombcords*)
and the remaining Vulcans. After a series of demonstration flights by the 3rd
B-1A prototype, the RAF ordered 40 B-1A's as the Excalibur B.1.
The Excalibur keeps the shape of the B-1A, but has features from the B-1B.
In
addition to the 3 weapons bays, 8 external weapons rack can be fitted. 4 uprated
F-101 GE-105 engines, each rated at 31,000lbs of thrust, powering the Excalibur
past Mach-2 at sea level-50,000ft. All the aircraft's electronic systems are
British, which includes the GEC/Marconi Greyhound integrated ECM jammer system,
and the Ferranti Badger terrain following radar. A retractable in-flight
refueling probe is mounted above the cockpit in a faired-in housing, and a
simplified version of the B-1's ejection capsule was installed. The 1st flight
was on February 10th 1984, with the Excalibur going into service with No. 337
COU (composite operations unit) on January 3rd 1985, and No. 582 sqn. stood-up
in May of that same year. In all 35 aircraft were in operational use with 4
squadrons.
When first delivered the aircraft were in all-over Dk. ghost gray, but this was
replaced by the standard low level wrap around camo worn by the Vulcan and the
Tornado GR.1. After operation DESERT STORM, all aircraft reverted to a lighter
2-tone gray scheme.
First operational use came when Nos. 582 and 589 sqns. deployed to the RAF
base on Diego Garcia as a part of the Operation GRANBY on Oct. 25th 1990.
Instead of adapting the 'Desert Pink' camouflage of the Tornado GR.1, the
Excalibur’s were painted in a 3-tone tan/green scheme similar to the
early B-1 test aircraft. The 1st operational mission took place on January
17th 1991 when 4 aircraft from No.582 struck at airbase H-4 in western
Iraq, utilizing both stand-off conventional cruise missiles and a mix of
general purpose and cluster bombs. Although there was heavy triple-A fire,
none of the aircraft were lost. Most of the remaining missions were flown
in conjunction with USAF B-52's, bombing the Republican Guard positions in
southern Iraq and Kuwait.
After the Gulf
war, the RAF reduced the fleet from 35 to 18 as a part of military force
reductions. The Excalibur also flew in support of Operation DELEBRIT FORCE
in 1994 and in the Desert Fox strikes in 1998. The Excalibur B.1 is
expected to stay in front-line service until 2020.
Bud
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